差(cha)示掃(sao)描量(liang)熱儀是(shi)壹種測量參比(bi)端與樣(yang)品端的(de)熱流(liu)差(cha)與溫(wen)度參數(shu)關系(xi)的(de)熱分(fen)析(xi)儀器(qi)，主(zhu)要應(ying)用(yong)於測量物質(zhi)加(jia)熱或冷(leng)卻過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)各(ge)種特(te)征參數(shu)：玻(bo)璃(li)化(hua)轉(zhuan)變(bian)溫(wen)度Tg、氧化(hua)誘(you)導期OIT、熔(rong)融溫(wen)度、結晶(jing)溫(wen)度、比熱容(rong)及(ji)熱焓等(deng)。

主(zhu)要特(te)點:

1.全(quan)新(xin)的(de)爐體結(jie)構(gou)，確(que)保(bao)解(jie)析(xi)度和(he)分(fen)辨(bian)率(lv)的(de)基線穩(wen)定性

2.數(shu)字式氣(qi)體質(zhi)量(liang)流(liu)量計(ji)，控(kong)制吹掃(sao)氣(qi)體流(liu)量，數(shu)據(ju)直接(jie)記(ji)錄(lu)在(zai)數(shu)據(ju)庫中

3.儀器(qi)可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)雙(shuang)向控(kong)制（主機(ji)控(kong)制、軟件(jian)控(kong)制），界(jie)面(mian)友(you)好，操(cao)作(zuo)簡(jian)便(bian)

技(ji)術參(can)數(shu):

什(shen)麽是(shi)玻(bo)璃(li)化(hua)轉(zhuan)變(bian)溫(wen)度？

玻(bo)璃(li)化(hua)轉(zhuan)變(bian)是非(fei)晶(jing)態高分(fen)子(zi)材料（即非(fei)晶(jing)型聚(ju)合(he)物）固(gu)有(you)的(de)性質(zhi)，是(shi)高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)運(yun)動形(xing)式轉變(bian)的(de)宏觀體(ti)現(xian)，它(ta)直接影(ying)響到材料的(de)使(shi)用(yong)性能和工(gong)藝性能，因此(ci)長期(qi)以來它(ta)都(dou)是(shi)高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)物(wu)理(li)研(yan)究(jiu)的(de)主要內容(rong)。

絕(jue)大多數(shu)聚(ju)合(he)物材料通常可處(chu)於以下三(san)種(zhong)物理(li)狀(zhuang)態(或稱(cheng)力學(xue)狀(zhuang)態):玻(bo)璃(li)態(tai)、高(gao)彈態（橡(xiang)膠(jiao)態）和粘(zhan)流(liu)態。而玻(bo)璃(li)化(hua)轉(zhuan)變(bian)則(ze)是高(gao)彈態和(he)玻(bo)璃(li)態(tai)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)轉變(bian)，從分(fen)子(zi)結(jie)構(gou)上講，玻(bo)璃(li)化(hua)轉(zhuan)變(bian)溫(wen)度是高(gao)聚(ju)物無定形(xing)部(bu)分(fen)從凍結狀(zhuang)態到解(jie)凍狀(zhuang)態的(de)壹種松弛現(xian)象。

以DSC為例(li)，當(dang)溫(wen)度逐漸升高，通(tong)過(guo)高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)聚(ju)合(he)物的(de)玻(bo)璃(li)化(hua)轉(zhuan)變(bian)溫(wen)度時，DSC曲(qu)線上的(de)基線向吸熱方向移(yi)動（見(jian)圖(tu)）。圖(tu)中A點是(shi)開始偏(pian)離基線的(de)點。將(jiang)轉(zhuan)變(bian)前後的(de)基線延長，兩(liang)線之間(jian)的(de)垂直距(ju)離為階差(cha)ΔJ，在ΔJ/2 處(chu)可以找到C點，從C點作(zuo)切線與前基線相交於B點，B點所(suo)對(dui)應的(de)溫(wen)度值即為玻(bo)璃(li)化(hua)轉(zhuan)變(bian)溫(wen)度Tg。

常見(jian)的(de)結晶(jing)性塑料有：聚(ju)乙烯(xi)PE、聚(ju)丙烯(xi)PP、聚(ju)甲醛POM、聚(ju)酰(xian)胺PA6、聚(ju)酰(xian)胺PA66、PET、PBT等(deng)

非(fei)結晶(jing)塑料有：聚(ju)碳、ABS、透(tou)苯、氯乙(yi)烯(xi)等(deng)（如塑料表殼、電視(shi)外(wai)殼等(deng)）

什(shen)麽是(shi)氧化(hua)誘(you)導期？

氧化(hua)誘(you)導期（OIT）是(shi)測定試(shi)樣(yang)在(zai)高溫(wen)（200攝(she)氏(shi)度(du)）氧氣(qi)條件(jian)下開始發(fa)生自(zi)動催(cui)化氧化(hua)反(fan)應的(de)時間(jian)，是評(ping)價材料在成(cheng)型加工(gong)、儲存、焊接(jie)和(he)使(shi)用(yong)中耐(nai)熱降(jiang)解(jie)能力的(de)指(zhi)標。氧化(hua)誘(you)導期（簡(jian)稱(cheng)OIT）方法是壹種采(cai)用(yong)差(cha)熱分(fen)析(xi)法（DTA）以塑料分(fen)子(zi)鏈(lian)斷裂時(shi)的(de)放(fang)熱反(fan)應為依據(ju)，測試塑料在高(gao)溫(wen)氧氣(qi)中加(jia)速(su)老(lao)化程(cheng)度(du)的(de)方法。其原理(li)是：將(jiang)塑料試樣(yang)與惰(duo)性參比物（如氧化(hua)鋁(lv)）置(zhi)於(yu)差(cha)熱分(fen)析(xi)儀中(zhong)，使(shi)其在(zai)壹定溫(wen)度下用(yong)氧氣(qi)迅(xun)速(su)置(zhi)換試(shi)樣(yang)室內的(de)惰(duo)性氣(qi)體（如氮氣(qi)）。測試由於(yu)試樣(yang)氧化(hua)而引起(qi)的(de)DTA曲線（差(cha)熱譜）的(de)變(bian)化，並(bing)獲得(de)氧化(hua)誘(you)導期（時(shi)間(jian)）OIT（min)，以評(ping)定塑料的(de)防(fang)熱老化性能。

和晟差(cha)示掃(sao)描量(liang)熱儀在(zai)部(bu)分(fen)高(gao)校(xiao)研(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)應用(yong)實例(li)

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